This thesis aimed to reconstruct traditional Nedut’en (Lake Babine Nation, LBN) fishery practices through ancient DNA (aDNA) analysis of 87 archaeological salmon remains from Smokehouse Island (GiSp-001), occupied ~1,000 BP within the asserted traditional territory of LBN in northcentral British Columbia. Abundant salmon remains and ancestral knowledge demonstrated salmons’ importance, while aDNA revealed salmon sex and species to identify selective fishery practices. With high rates of successful amplification, mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) identified sockeye (Oncorhynchus nerka) as the predominant species, consistent with regional ecology and LBN oral histories. Chinook (O. tshawytscha) and coho (O. kisutch) were also identified. Nuclear DNA indicated that sex biases were location-specific, suggesting sex-selective harvests. In total, 5 mtDNA haplotypes were observed in ancient sockeye remains, indicating high genetic diversity of sockeye ~1,000 years ago. These findings enhance understandings of human-salmon interactions in the understudied northcentral BC and may influence future LBN fishery and conservation practices.